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01 / COMPANY DUE DILIGENCE

Registration confirms that a company exists, but does not explain who controls it or how it operates

BLACKFILE examines a company as an operating system: registration, owners, ultimate beneficial owners, management, connections, business history, litigation history and indicators of actual operations.

Every material conclusion is given a source, a date and a level of confirmation. A closed link or an indirect connection is marked as a limitation, not replaced by a confident assumption.

  • We work with registers, corporate disclosures and court records
  • Every material conclusion has a source, a date and a level of confirmation
  • Limitations of the check and closed links are stated directly, not replaced by assumption

At the first stage, the company name, country and purpose of the check are sufficient. A registration number speeds up the work, but is not required.

  • STRUCTURE
  • BENEFICIAL OWNERS
  • CONTROL
  • OPERATIONS
  • JURISDICTIONS
Specialists reviewing a corporate structure in a modern working environmentOWNERSHIP & CONTROL MAP
  • Company under reviewRegistered owner
  • Intermediate structuresStructure not disclosed
  • Ultimate individualsPresumed beneficial owner
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ГЛАВА 01Что компания заявляет
02 / INITIAL SITUATION

An extract answers the question "does the company exist", not "what is it"

A company may have been registered long ago, keep neat accounts and have a presentable website - and still be owned by people other than those stated, conduct a different activity, or belong to a group of structures that the counterparty is not told about.

Checking a company means reconstructing the picture: who owns it, who controls it, what the structure actually does, who it is connected to, and what events preceded the transaction or partnership.

We verify not the registration document, but the company as an operating structure with a history, owners and connections.

03 / PAPER / REALITY

An extract answers the question of how a company is registered. A check answers how it operates

REGISTRY

Formal structure

  • registration
  • address
  • director
  • shareholder
  • stated line of business
REALITY

Actual picture

  • actual operations
  • operational infrastructure
  • controlling persons
  • related companies
  • actual partners
  • sources of funding
  • litigation and reputational context

What matters is not the discrepancy between the columns itself, but its cause and its effect on your decision.

ГЛАВА 02Кто владеет и контролирует
04 / OWNERSHIP & CONTROL MAP

The ownership chain is disclosed level by level - down to the ultimate individuals

The map shows how the structure check is built: each node is given a status, a jurisdiction and a comparison of what is claimed against what can be confirmed. Control without formal ownership is checked separately.

  1. N-04

    Ultimate beneficial owner

    Presumed beneficial ownerAnalytical assessment
    • Share100% declared
    • PeriodBased on the totality of records
    • SourceRegistries and documents
    • Level of confirmationPresumably
    Jurisdiction
    Established by the totality of evidence
    What is claimed
    One individual has been declared as the beneficial owner.
    What can be confirmed
    The totality of indicators points to the same person, but one link in the chain is not documented.
    What this means for the check
    The status remains presumed until each link is confirmed by a document or registry.
  • Legal ownership
  • Economic interest
  • Management control
  • Historical connection

Only material discrepancies are marked in red. The status "structure not disclosed" is a recorded limit of the check, not a conclusion of wrongdoing.

05 / BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP

The ultimate beneficial owner is always a natural person, but the path to that person may run through several structures

ГЛАВА 03Как компания действует
06 / CORPORATE TIMELINE

A history of changes explains a company better than its current snapshot

The timeline is reconstructed from registry records and disclosures: what changed, in what order, and what occurred around those dates.

Archival environment: corporate history accumulated over time
  1. Transfer of assets, change of participants or directors on the eve of a transaction - the most significant signal in the timeline.

Only a change materially affecting risk is marked in red.

07 / ACTUAL ACTIVITY

The company must exist not only in the register but also in economic reality

The company's production and office infrastructure: indicators of actual activity

We compare declared capacity and scale against observable indicators: people, premises, licenses, and traces of actual operations.

  • A-01personnel
  • A-02infrastructure
  • A-03licenses
  • A-04counterparties
  • A-05products
  • A-06public activity
  • A-07address
  • A-08actual operations
ГЛАВА 04Что получает клиент
08 / WHAT IS CHECKED

Twelve sections of corporate due diligence

Composition is aligned with the purpose. Areas closed in a specific jurisdiction are recorded as limitations, not silently omitted.

Legal Status

Registration status, legal form, date of formation and current state of the company.

Sources
  • Corporate registries
  • Official publications
Result

Confirmed status and the history of its changes.

Limitations

The extent of disclosure depends on the jurisdiction.

09 / CORPORATE DUE DILIGENCE FILE

What the structure of a corporate file looks like

CORPORATE DUE DILIGENCE FILESAMPLE

Company Profile

Key information and registration history

СТР. 1 / 10

Demonstration format. Not a description of any specific company.

Corporate documents and a structural chart on the analyst's desk

A company on paper and a company in fact are not always the same organisation.

PAPER / REALITY
10 / RESULT

An ownership chart and a picture of risk, not a stack of extracts

DELIVERABLES / STRUCTURECOMPANY DUE DILIGENCE
  1. R-01corporate profile
  2. R-02ownership structure
  3. R-03identified beneficial owners
  4. R-04management and control map
  5. R-05related persons and companies
  6. R-06corporate chronology
  7. R-07financial indicators
  8. R-08litigation and regulatory matters
  9. R-09sanctions result
  10. R-10reputational profile
  11. R-11list of discrepancies
  12. R-12risk map
  13. R-13register of sources
13 ПОЗИЦИЙ / ОДИН ФАЙЛ
ГЛАВА 05Как начать
11 / COMPOSITE EXAMPLE

Composite example

When the structure turns out to be different from what was stated

An investor and advisers at the desk
  • Company under reviewConfirmed
  • Financing and security rightsDocument required
  • Contractual powersDocument required
CDD-01Composite example

The formal structure was confirmed but did not explain the economic dependency

Before the transaction, the buyer received a corporate chart in which owners and shares were consistently stated. The check confirmed the registry records but showed that financing and key contractual rights were tied to another company.

BLACKFILE separated legal ownership, economic dependency and unconfirmed assumptions. The client received a structure map, a list of documents to request, and questions that needed to be closed under the terms of the deal.

Acquisition of a stake, multiple jurisdictions
  1. CDD-02

    A related company ahead of a partnership

    Задача. The prospective partner presented itself as an independent company; verification of its environment was required.

    Что установлено. Shared addresses, managers and members pointed to a group of structures under common control, including a company involved in a dispute with a former partner.

    Влияние на решение. The partnership was restructured: disclosure of the group was fixed in the agreement as a separate representation.

  2. CDD-03

    Actual activity of the counterparty prior to payment

    Задача. The supplier claimed production capacity and years of experience; the client was preparing an advance payment.

    Что установлено. The declared facility was not confirmed; operations were conducted through a different structure with a different history.

    Влияние на решение. The client changed the payment scheme and requested security before transferring funds.

12 / ENGAGEMENT FORMATS AND FEES

Depth depends on the structure, the number of jurisdictions and the purpose of the check

A simple company with transparent ownership and an international group with concealed control represent different scopes of work. Timelines are counted from the agreement of scope.

Сравнение трех форматов проверки
Параметр01Company Check02Corporate Due Diligence03Complex Ownership Investigation
Companies in scopeOneOne and connected companiesSeveral
JurisdictionsOne primarySeveralInternational group
Depth of ownershipFirst-line ownersDown to ultimate beneficial ownersChains and control without ownership
Result formatCorporate profileCorporate DossierInvestigation plan and dossier
Working sessionNot includedOn requestIncluded
01

Company Check

from €3,500

Usually 5-8 business days

Suitable for checking a counterparty before a contract or delivery.

Included
  • one company, one primary country
  • first-line owners and management
  • registration history
  • litigation indicators
  • sanctions indicators

Corporate profile with first-line owners, management and identified risk indicators.

02Recommended format

Corporate Due Diligence

from €7,500 to €18,000

Usually 10-20 business days

Suitable where the decision is material and a full picture of the structure and beneficial owners is required.

Included
  • multiple levels of ownership and beneficial owners
  • related companies and management
  • financial indicators and liabilities
  • litigation and reputational matters
  • corporate chronology and ownership structure

Ownership structure, beneficial owner profile, map of related companies and list of discrepancies.

03Concealed structures

Complex Ownership Investigation

On request

Timeframe determined after briefing

Suitable for complex ownership chains, multiple countries and de facto control without formal ownership.

Suitable for
  • multiple countries
  • funds and trusts
  • nominee structures
  • complex ownership chains
  • de facto control without ownership

An individual investigation plan for the structure and reporting format, agreed before work begins.

The final fee depends on the number of companies, ownership levels, jurisdictions, depth of verification and availability of sources. Third-party costs are agreed before work begins.

13 / ADMISSIBILITY

The structure is disclosed by lawful means

BLACKFILE works with registries, corporate disclosures, court records, financial statements and other available sources. We do not obtain unlawful access to closed government systems or banking secrecy.

Jurisdictions differ in the scope of disclosure: in some, the composition of participants and beneficial owners is available; in others, only the fact of registration. These differences are recorded in the report as the limits of the check.

Every material conclusion is accompanied by a source, a date and a degree of confirmation. Presumed beneficial owners are not presented as confirmed.

  • company registration does not prove its actual activity
  • a connection does not equal control
  • a shared address or director does not prove affiliation
  • an indication of nominee status is not an established fact
  • a closed jurisdiction may not allow the ultimate person to be identified
  • the report does not guarantee the safety of a transaction or a bank's decision
  • legal qualification is provided by a relevant specialist
14 / СИСТЕМА DUE DILIGENCE

Четыре направления одной проверки

Due Diligence в BLACKFILE разделен по объекту: человек, компания или сделка. Если объект еще не определен, начните с комплексной страницы - она поможет выбрать формат.

15 / СВЯЗАННЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ

Что уточняют вместе с проверкой компании

16 / QUESTIONS

What is important to understand before the check begins

Company Check is a check of a single company in one primary country: first-line owners, management, registration history, litigation and sanctions indicators. Corporate Due Diligence reveals multiple levels of ownership: beneficial owners, related companies, financial indicators, chronology and ownership structure. If the structure is multi-tiered or international, Company Check will show only the first line - a full format is needed for a material decision.

In many cases - yes, but the depth depends on the jurisdictions in the chain. Where registries disclose participants, the beneficial owner is established documentarily; where a link is closed, we work through a set of indicators - directors, addresses, representatives, financing - and clearly distinguish statuses: confirmed beneficial owner and presumed. An unverifiable link is recorded as a limitation.

Yes, this is a core part of the work. Each jurisdiction uses its own set of sources, and the report indicates what is available in a given country. The number of countries in the ownership chain is the main factor for timeframe and cost.

A nominee owner is an indication to continue the check, not a dead end. We look for indicators of de facto control: who appoints managers, who provides financing, whose representatives recur in the structures, who receives the benefits. The combination of such indicators often points to the actual controlling person, even when formal ownership is registered to others.

Yes: addresses and infrastructure, personnel in open sources, licenses, financial statements, traces of supplies and projects, and the correspondence between declared and observed capacity. A discrepancy between declared and actual activity is one of the most common findings of a check.

A closed link is recorded in the report as a limit of what can be concluded, with the reason stated. Beyond that, lawful avenues are used: requesting documents from the other party, admissible local sources, and the aggregate of control indicators. A closed jurisdiction may make it impossible to identify the ultimate person - in that case the status remains a hypothesis and is not presented as established.

Yes. Litigation, insolvency proceedings and regulatory measures are checked against court and insolvency registers; sanctions exposure is checked against lists concerning the company, its owners and its officers, including indirect connections to sanctioned entities. Closed proceedings are not accessible by lawful means and are recorded as a limitation.

Within the scope of available sources: financial statements, where published, debts, enforcement proceedings, pledges, and indicators of financial strain. This is an analytical assessment of indicators, not an audit - accounting audit remains the task of specialized providers.

Yes: authority, appointment history, involvement in other companies, disqualifications, and litigation or reputational matters. Officers often link the company to other structures within a group and point toward actual control.

Company Due Diligence answers the question of what the company is: structure, beneficial owners, activity, risks. Transaction Due Diligence is built around a specific deal: the parties, authority, subject matter, obligations and enforceability. Ahead of a major transaction the two formats are often carried out together - the company check provides the foundation, and the transaction check closes the contractual scope.

Company Check - usually 5-8 business days, Corporate Due Diligence - 10-20. Complex Ownership Investigation is estimated after a briefing. The timeframe increases with the number of jurisdictions, ownership levels, and closed links requiring documents.

Yes. The company, owners, beneficial owners and officers are checked against applicable sanctions sources and for PEP status. Every material match is resolved by identifiers: a name match alone is not a confirmed risk, and PEP status does not indicate unlawful conduct and requires additional measures.

Yes. Scope is agreed separately for each jurisdiction: in some, the list of participants and beneficial owners is available; in others, only the fact of registration. These differences are recorded in the report as limits of what can be concluded, not replaced by assumption.

The report reflects the state of the company as of the date of the check: each entry carries a source and a date. A change of participants or officers, or the emergence of new obligations, changes the picture, so key sections are updated ahead of a significant event. For transactions with a long preparation period, we recommend a final verification of material entries before signing.

No. The report provides a verifiable picture of the company - structure, beneficial owners, activity and risk factors - but does not guarantee the safety of a transaction and does not replace a bank's decision or a legal assessment. It reduces uncertainty and provides grounds for contractual terms; legal qualification is given by a qualified specialist.

17 / INITIAL ASSESSMENT

State the company and the purpose of the check

We will assess the availability of sources by jurisdiction, the format and the timeframe. A response is provided within one business day.

Contact

Internal company documents are not required at this stage.

Find out who is behind the company before it matters

State the company, country and purpose of the check. BLACKFILE will assess the availability of sources, the required depth and the engagement format.